Vitamin E family: Role in the pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease

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  • Virginia Boccardi
    Department of Medicine Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia Perugia Italy
  • Marta Baroni
    Department of Medicine Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia Perugia Italy
  • Francesca Mangialasche
    Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
  • Patrizia Mecocci
    Department of Medicine Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia Perugia Italy

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin E family, composed by tocopherols and tocotrienols, is a group of compounds with neuroprotective properties. The exact role in the pathogenesis and the benefit of vitamin E as treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still under debate.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>A literature search in PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane databases has been carried out. All types of studies, from bench and animal models to clinical, were included.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>High plasma vitamin E levels are associated with better cognitive performance, even if clear evidence of their ability to prevent or delay cognitive decline in AD is still lacking. Each vitamin E form is functionally unique and shows specific biological functions. Tocotrienols seem to have superior antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties compared with tocopherols.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>The benefit of vitamin E as a treatment for AD is still under debate, mainly because of the inconsistent findings from observational studies and the methodological limitations of clinical trials.</jats:p></jats:sec>

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