First operation with the JET International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor-like wall
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- R. Neu
- EFDA-CSU 1 , Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- G. Arnoux
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- M. Beurskens
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- V. Bobkov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 2 , Euratom Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- S. Brezinsek
- IEK-4, Association EURATOM/Forschungszentrum Jülich 4 GmbH, 52425, Germany
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- J. Bucalossi
- IRFM-CEA 5 , Centre de Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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- G. Calabro
- Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla Fusione, CNR ENEA Frascati 6 , 00044 Frascati, Italy
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- C. Challis
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- J. W. Coenen
- IEK-4, Association EURATOM/Forschungszentrum Jülich 4 GmbH, 52425, Germany
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- E. de la Luna
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion 7 , Asociation EURATOM CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
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- P. C. de Vries
- Association EURATOM/DIFFER 8 , Rijnhuizen, P.O. Box 1207, 3430BE Nieuwegen, The Netherlands
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- R. Dux
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 2 , Euratom Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- L. Frassinetti
- Association EURATOM-VR, Division of Plasma Physics 9 , KTH, Stockholm, Sweden
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- C. Giroud
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- M. Groth
- Association Euratom-Tekes, Aalto University 10 , FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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- J. Hobirk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 2 , Euratom Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- E. Joffrin
- IRFM-CEA 5 , Centre de Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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- P. Lang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 2 , Euratom Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- M. Lehnen
- IEK-4, Association EURATOM/Forschungszentrum Jülich 4 GmbH, 52425, Germany
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- E. Lerche
- Association EURATOM-Etat Belge 11 , ERM-KMS, Brussels, Belgium
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- T. Loarer
- IRFM-CEA 5 , Centre de Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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- P. Lomas
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- G. Maddison
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- C. Maggi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 2 , Euratom Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- G. Matthews
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- S. Marsen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 12 , Euratom Association, Wendelsteinstr. 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
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- M.-L. Mayoral
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- A. Meigs
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- Ph. Mertens
- IEK-4, Association EURATOM/Forschungszentrum Jülich 4 GmbH, 52425, Germany
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- I. Nunes
- Institute of Plasmas and Nuclear Fusion 13 , Association EURATOM-IST, Lisbon, Portugal
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- V. Philipps
- IEK-4, Association EURATOM/Forschungszentrum Jülich 4 GmbH, 52425, Germany
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- T. Pütterich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 2 , Euratom Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- F. Rimini
- Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association 3 , Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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- M. Sertoli
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 2 , Euratom Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- B. Sieglin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik 2 , Euratom Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- A. C. C. Sips
- EFDA-CSU, Culham Science Centre 14 , OX14 3DB Abingdon, United Kingdom
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- D. van Eester
- Association EURATOM-Etat Belge 11 , ERM-KMS, Brussels, Belgium
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- G. van Rooij
- Association EURATOM/DIFFER 8 , Rijnhuizen, P.O. Box 1207, 3430BE Nieuwegen, The Netherlands
抄録
<jats:p>To consolidate International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) design choices and prepare for its operation, Joint European Torus (JET) has implemented ITER's plasma facing materials, namely, Be for the main wall and W in the divertor. In addition, protection systems, diagnostics, and the vertical stability control were upgraded and the heating capability of the neutral beams was increased to over 30 MW. First results confirm the expected benefits and the limitations of all metal plasma facing components (PFCs) but also yield understanding of operational issues directly relating to ITER. H-retention is lower by at least a factor of 10 in all operational scenarios compared to that with C PFCs. The lower C content (≈ factor 10) has led to much lower radiation during the plasma burn-through phase eliminating breakdown failures. Similarly, the intrinsic radiation observed during disruptions is very low, leading to high power loads and to a slow current quench. Massive gas injection using a D2/Ar mixture restores levels of radiation and vessel forces similar to those of mitigated disruptions with the C wall. Dedicated L-H transition experiments indicate a 30% power threshold reduction, a distinct minimum density, and a pronounced shape dependence. The L-mode density limit was found to be up to 30% higher than for C allowing stable detached divertor operation over a larger density range. Stable H-modes as well as the hybrid scenario could be re-established only when using gas puff levels of a few 1021 es−1. On average, the confinement is lower with the new PFCs, but nevertheless, H factors up to 1 (H-Mode) and 1.3 (at βN≈3, hybrids) have been achieved with W concentrations well below the maximum acceptable level.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Physics of Plasmas
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Physics of Plasmas 20 (5), 056111-, 2013-05-01
AIP Publishing
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キーワード
詳細情報 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1360294663746426752
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- ISSN
- 10897674
- 1070664X
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- データソース種別
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- Crossref