Lujo viral hemorrhagic fever: considering diagnostic capacity and preparedness in the wake of recent Ebola and Zika virus outbreaks

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  • Edgar Simulundu
    Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia
  • Aaron S. Mweene
    Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia
  • Katendi Changula
    Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia
  • Mwaka Monze
    University Teaching Hospital & National Virology Reference Laboratory Lusaka Zambia
  • Elizabeth Chizema
    Ministry of Health Republic of Zambia
  • Peter Mwaba
    Ministry of Health Republic of Zambia
  • Ayato Takada
    Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia
  • Guiseppe Ippolito
    Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Rome Italy
  • Francis Kasolo
    World Health Organization, WHO Africa Brazzaville Republic of Congo
  • Alimuddin Zumla
    Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity University College London UK
  • Matthew Bates
    Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity University College London UK

説明

<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>Lujo virus is a novel Old World arenavirus identified in Southern Africa in 2008 as the cause of a viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) characterized by nosocomial transmission with a high case fatality rate of 80% (4/5 cases). Whereas this outbreak was limited, the unprecedented Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa, and recent Zika virus disease epidemic in the Americas, has brought into acute focus the need for preparedness to respond to rare but potentially highly pathogenic outbreaks of zoonotic or arthropod‐borne viral infections. A key determinant for effective control of a VHF outbreak is the time between primary infection and diagnosis of the index case. Here, we review the Lujo VHF outbreak of 2008 and discuss how preparatory measures with respect to developing diagnostic capacity might be effectively embedded into existing national disease control networks, such as those for human immunodeficiency virus, tuberculosis, and malaria.</jats:p>

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