Explaining differential vulnerability to climate change: A social science review

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  • Kimberley Thomas
    Department of Geography and Urban Studies Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
  • R. Dean Hardy
    SESYNC University of Maryland Annapolis Maryland
  • Heather Lazrus
    Earth System Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado
  • Michael Mendez
    School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University New Haven Connecticut
  • Ben Orlove
    School of International and Public Affairs Columbia University New York New York
  • Isabel Rivera‐Collazo
    Department of Anthropology and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego California
  • J. Timmons Roberts
    Center for Environmental Studies Brown University Providence Rhode Island
  • Marcy Rockman
    National Park Service Washington District of Columbia
  • Benjamin P. Warner
    Department of Geography and Environmental Studies University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico
  • Robert Winthrop
    Department of Anthropology University of Maryland College Park Maryland

説明

<jats:p>The varied effects of recent extreme weather events around the world exemplify the uneven impacts of climate change on populations, even within relatively small geographic regions. Differential human vulnerability to environmental hazards results from a range of social, economic, historical, and political factors, all of which operate at multiple scales. While adaptation to climate change has been the dominant focus of policy and research agendas, it is essential to ask as well why some communities and peoples are disproportionately exposed to and affected by climate threats. The cases and synthesis presented here are organized around four key themes (resource access, governance, culture, and knowledge), which we approach from four social science fields (cultural anthropology, archaeology, human geography, and sociology). Social scientific approaches to human vulnerability draw vital attention to the root causes of climate change threats and the reasons that people are forced to adapt to them. Because vulnerability is a multidimensional process rather than an unchanging state, a dynamic social approach to vulnerability is most likely to improve mitigation and adaptation planning efforts.</jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:<jats:list list-type="simple"> <jats:list-item><jats:p>Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Values‐Based Approach to Vulnerability and Adaptation</jats:p></jats:list-item> </jats:list> </jats:p>

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