Advanced Biomaterials for Regulating Polarization of Macrophages in Wound Healing

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  • Jiayi Mao
    Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road Shanghai 200011 P. R. China
  • Lu Chen
    Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University No.1 Youyi Road Chongqing 400042 P. R. China
  • Zhengwei Cai
    Department of Orthopaedics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 197 Ruijin 2nd Road Shanghai 200025 P. R. China
  • Shutong Qian
    Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road Shanghai 200011 P. R. China
  • Zhimo Liu
    Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road Shanghai 200011 P. R. China
  • Binfan Zhao
    Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road Shanghai 200011 P. R. China
  • Yuguang Zhang
    Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road Shanghai 200011 P. R. China
  • Xiaoming Sun
    Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road Shanghai 200011 P. R. China
  • Wenguo Cui
    Department of Orthopaedics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 197 Ruijin 2nd Road Shanghai 200025 P. R. China

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Macrophage immunotherapy is an emerging treatment strategy that modulates the immune system to promote wound healing. The functionality and regeneration of tissue depend on spatially and temporally regulating the biophysical and biochemical microenvironmental with poorly understood mechanisms. Biomaterials are carefully crafted to display and deliver macrophage regulatory signals in a precise and near‐physiological way, serving as powerful artificial microenvironments in which to explore and direct the fate of macrophages. The review starts with discussing the classification and function of macrophages, and then introduces the polarization of macrophages in different microenvironments of conventional wounds and chronic wounds. Recent advances in biomaterials that balance the phenotypes of macrophages in wound healing are emphasized. Finally, looking ahead, the potential ability of biomaterial scaffolds to modulate immune signaling to produce an environment conducive to regeneration is discussed.</jats:p>

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