High-dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment Increases Regulatory T Cells in Patients with Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

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<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.</jats:title><jats:p>We studied the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment on clinical symptoms and regulatory T (Treg) cell frequency in patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.</jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-two EGPA patients with severe mononeuritis multiplex or cardiac dysfunction received IVIG therapy combined with conventional therapy (corticosteroid, immunosuppressants, or both). As a control, 24 EGPA patients without severe vasculitic symptoms were treated with conventional therapy. Before, during, and after treatment, we determined percentages of Treg cells and other relevant cells in patients’ peripheral blood.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.</jats:title><jats:p>The frequency of CD25+ among CD4+ T cells was lower at onset in the study group than in controls but increased significantly after IVIG treatment, relative to controls. The frequency of CD25+ among CD4+ T cells correlated with the frequency of FOXP3+ among CD4+ T cells and interleukin 10 produced by CD25+CD4+ T cells.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.</jats:title><jats:p>The increase in Treg cells seen with the combination of IVIG and conventional therapy may promote remission in EGPA.</jats:p></jats:sec>

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