Preconditioning and Engineering Strategies for Improving the Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cell-Free Therapy
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- Shenyuan Chen
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Suzhou, 215600 Jiangsu, China
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- Fengtian Sun
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Suzhou, 215600 Jiangsu, China
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- Hui Qian
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Suzhou, 215600 Jiangsu, China
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- Wenrong Xu
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Suzhou, 215600 Jiangsu, China
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- Jiajia Jiang
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Suzhou, 215600 Jiangsu, China
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- Stefania Bruno
- editor
説明
<jats:p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely applied to regenerative medicine owing to their multiple differentiation, self-renewal, and immunomodulatory abilities. Exosomes are cell-secreted natural nanovesicles and thought to be mediators of intercellular communication and material transport. The therapeutic potential of MSCs can be largely attributed to MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes). Emerging evidence suggests that the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-exosomes is highly dependent on the status of MSCs, and optimization of the extracellular environment affects the exosomal content. Pretreatment methods including three-dimensional cultures, hypoxia, and other biochemical cues have been shown to potentially enhance the biological activity of MSC-exosomes while maintaining or enhancing their production. On the other hand, engineering means to enhance the desired function of MSC-exosomes has been rapidly gaining attention. In particular, biologically active molecule encapsulation and membrane modification can alter or enhance biological functions and targeting of MSC-exosomes. In this review, we summarize two possible strategies to improve the therapeutic activity of MSC-exosomes: preconditioning approaches and engineering exosomes. We also explore the underlying mechanisms of different strategies and discuss their advantages and limitations of the upcoming clinical applications.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Stem Cells International
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Stem Cells International 2022 1-18, 2022-05-14
Hindawi Limited
