Conserved Evolution of MHC Supertypes among Japanese Frogs Suggests Selection for Bd Resistance

DOI Web Site PubMed 58 References Open Access
  • Quintin Lau
    Research Center for Integrative Evolutionary Science, Sokendai (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama 240-0115, Japan
  • Takeshi Igawa
    Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
  • Tiffany A. Kosch
    One Health Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
  • Anik B. Dharmayanthi
    Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor 16911, Indonesia
  • Lee Berger
    One Health Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
  • Lee F. Skerratt
    One Health Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
  • Yoko Satta
    Research Center for Integrative Evolutionary Science, Sokendai (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama 240-0115, Japan

Description

<jats:p>The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a major threat to amphibians, yet there are no reports of major disease impacts in East Asian frogs. Genetic variation of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been associated with resistance to Bd in frogs from East Asia and worldwide. Using transcriptomic data collated from 11 Japanese frog species (one individual per species), we isolated MHC class I and IIb sequences and validated using molecular cloning. We then compared MHC from Japanese frogs and other species worldwide, with varying Bd susceptibility. Supertyping analysis, which groups MHC alleles based on physicochemical properties of peptide binding sites, identified that all examined East Asian frogs contained at least one MHC-IIb allele belonging to supertype ST-1. This indicates that, despite the large divergence times between some Japanese frogs (up to 145 million years), particular functional properties in the peptide binding sites of MHC-II are conserved among East Asian frogs. Furthermore, preliminary analysis using NetMHCIIpan-4.0, which predicts potential Bd-peptide binding ability, suggests that MHC-IIb ST-1 and ST-2 have higher overall peptide binding ability than other supertypes, irrespective of whether the peptides are derived from Bd, other fungi, or bacteria. Our findings suggest that MHC-IIb among East Asian frogs may have co-evolved under the same selective pressure. Given that Bd originated in this region, it may be a major driver of MHC evolution in East Asian frogs.</jats:p>

Journal

  • Animals

    Animals 13 (13), 2121-, 2023-06-27

    MDPI AG

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