NAC domain transcription factors VNI2 and ATAF2 form protein complexes and regulate leaf senescence

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  • Isura Sumeda Priyadarshana Nagahage
    Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan
  • Kohei Matsuda
    Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Japan
  • Kyoko Miyashita
    Bioproduction Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Japan
  • Sumire Fujiwara
    Bioproduction Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Japan
  • Chanaka Mannapperuma
    Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology Umeå University Umeå Sweden
  • Takuya Yamada
    Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan
  • Shingo Sakamoto
    Bioproduction Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Japan
  • Toshiki Ishikawa
    Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan
  • Minoru Nagano
    Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan
  • Misato Ohtani
    Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Japan
  • Ko Kato
    Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Japan
  • Hirofumi Uchimiya
    Institute for Environmental Science and Technology Saitama University Saitama Japan
  • Nobutaka Mitsuda
    Bioproduction Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Japan
  • Maki Kawai‐Yamada
    Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan
  • Taku Demura
    Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Japan
  • Masatoshi Yamaguchi
    Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) domain transcription factor VND‐INTERACTING2 (VNI2) negatively regulates xylem vessel formation by interacting with another NAC domain transcription factor, VASCULAR‐RELATED NAC‐DOMAIN7 (VND7), a master regulator of xylem vessel formation. Here, we screened interacting proteins with VNI2 using yeast two‐hybrid assay and isolated two NAC domain transcription factors, <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"><jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</jats:italic></jats:styled-content> ACTIVATION FACTOR 2 (ATAF2) and NAC DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 102 (ANAC102). A transient gene expression assay showed that ATAF2 upregulates the expression of genes involved in leaf senescence, and VNI2 effectively inhibits the transcriptional activation activity of ATAF2. <jats:italic>vni2</jats:italic> mutants accelerate leaf senescence, whereas <jats:italic>ataf2</jats:italic> mutants delay leaf senescence. In addition, the accelerated leaf senescence phenotype of the <jats:italic>vni2</jats:italic> mutant is recovered by simultaneous mutation of <jats:italic>ATAF2</jats:italic>. Our findings strongly suggest that VNI2 interacts with and inhibits ATAF2, resulting in negatively regulating leaf senescence.</jats:p>

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