Partial Vertical Integration, Risk Shifting, and Product Rejection in the High-Value Export Supply Chain: The Ghana Pineapple Sector

DOI Web Site Web Site 被引用文献3件 参考文献31件

書誌事項

公開日
2011-09
資源種別
journal article
権利情報
  • https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/
DOI
  • 10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.02.007
公開者
Elsevier BV

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説明

Summary High-value export supply chains hold potential to improve smallholders’ welfare, but their relative production inefficiency and moral hazard problems can cause exporters to prefer vertically integrated plantation production. However, pineapple exporters in Ghana produce both for their own account and purchase from smallholders. We hypothesize that vertical integration is only partial because exporters face large market risks that smallholders, surprisingly, are better able to absorb. We show empirically that exporters’ average rejection rate of export-quality fruit is high and varies in response to unanticipated fluctuations in European demand. These results support the hypothesis and are consistent with theories of partial vertical integration but not the standard principal-agent paradigm.

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