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Allergic airway inflammation: key players beyond the Th2 cell pathway
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- Koichi Hirose
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
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- Arifumi Iwata
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
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- Tomohiro Tamachi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
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- Hiroshi Nakajima
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
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Description
<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>Allergic asthma is characterized by eosinophilic airway inflammation, mucus hyperproduction, and airway hyperreactivity, causing reversible airway obstruction. Accumulating evidence indicates that antigen‐specific Th2 cells and their cytokines such as <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IL</jats:styled-content>‐4, <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IL</jats:styled-content>‐5, and <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IL</jats:styled-content>‐13 orchestrate these pathognomonic features of asthma. However, over the past decade, the understanding of asthma pathogenesis has made a significant shift from a Th2 cell‐dependent, IgE‐mediated disease to a more complicated heterogeneous disease. Recent studies clearly show that not only Th2 cytokines but also other T cell‐related cytokines such as <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IL</jats:styled-content>‐17A and <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IL</jats:styled-content>‐22 as well as epithelial cell cytokines such as <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IL</jats:styled-content>‐25, <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IL</jats:styled-content>‐33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">TSLP</jats:styled-content>) are involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. In this review, we focus on the roles of these players beyond Th2 pathways in the pathogenesis of asthma.</jats:p>
Journal
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- Immunological Reviews
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Immunological Reviews 278 (1), 145-161, 2017-06-28
Wiley