Ferroelectric domains and phase evolution in (Fe:) KTa1−Nb O3 crystals

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Abstract The domain structures and phase evolution in mixed ferroelectric (Fe): KTa 1− x Nb x O 3 (KTN) crystals were investigated. Temperature dependent Raman spectra show that Curie temperatures of KTN and Fe: KTN are far below room temperature, but the ferroelectric domain switching was still visualized by scanning probe microscopy at room temperature. These observed domains origin from the nano-regions near the grain boundaries. In addition, the intrinsic domains (triangle for KTN and straight line/stripe for Fe: KTN) could only be observed at low temperature by transmission electron microscopy. Three phase transitions in Fe: KTN crystals were found by Raman spectroscopy and dielectric testing: 175 K for Rhombohedral-to-Orthorhombic ( R – O ), 210 K for Orthorhombic-to-Tetragonal ( O – T ) and 250 K for Tetragonal-to-Cubic ( T – C ), which is consistent with the domain behavior.

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