Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Use in Human Models of Disease and Development

DOI Web Site 被引用文献11件 参考文献399件
  • Peter Karagiannis
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Kazutoshi Takahashi
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Megumu Saito
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Yoshinori Yoshida
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Keisuke Okita
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Akira Watanabe
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Haruhisa Inoue
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Jun K. Yamashita
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Masaya Todani
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Masato Nakagawa
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Mitsujiro Osawa
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Yoshimi Yashiro
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Shinya Yamanaka
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Kenji Osafune
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

説明

<jats:p>The discovery of somatic cell nuclear transfer proved that somatic cells can carry the same genetic code as the zygote, and that activating parts of this code are sufficient to reprogram the cell to an early developmental state. The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) nearly half a century later provided a molecular mechanism for the reprogramming. The initial creation of iPSCs was accomplished by the ectopic expression of four specific genes (OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and c-Myc; OSKM). iPSCs have since been acquired from a wide range of cell types and a wide range of species, suggesting a universal molecular mechanism. Furthermore, cells have been reprogrammed to iPSCs using a myriad of methods, although OSKM remains the gold standard. The sources for iPSCs are abundant compared with those for other pluripotent stem cells; thus the use of iPSCs to model the development of tissues, organs, and other systems of the body is increasing. iPSCs also, through the reprogramming of patient samples, are being used to model diseases. Moreover, in the 10 years since the first report, human iPSCs are already the basis for new cell therapies and drug discovery that have reached clinical application. In this review, we examine the generation of iPSCs and their application to disease and development.</jats:p>

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