Inverted planer perovskite solar cells fabricated by all vapor phase process

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Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>A simple vapor-based fabrication process for perovskite solar cells is developed and applied to the fabrication of inverted planar CH<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>NH<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>PbI<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> (MAPbI<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) perovskite solar cells. In this process, PbI<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> film is deposited by vacuum evaporation on the hole transport layer (HTL), followed by converting it into the MAPbI<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> phase by annealing in methylammonium iodide (MAI) vapor. Using the converted MAPbI<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> films, we fabricated inverted planar perovskite solar cells by vapor phase-based process with a device structure of glass/TCO/HTL/MAPbI<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>/C<jats:sub>60</jats:sub>/BCP/Ag, in which PEDOT:PSS and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) were used as an HTL. A power conversion efficiency as high as 16.1% was obtained for the solar cell using CuPc as an HTL by a fully vapor-based process. Furthermore, we observed the improvement of the stability of the solar cells when using CuPc instead of PEDOT:PSS as an HTL.</jats:p>

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