Matricryptins and matrikines: biologically active fragments of the extracellular matrix

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  • Sylvie Ricard‐Blum
    Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines UMR 5086 CNRS Université Lyon 1 Lyon Cedex 07 France
  • Romain Salza
    Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines UMR 5086 CNRS Université Lyon 1 Lyon Cedex 07 France

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Numerous extracellular proteins and glycosaminoglycans (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">GAG</jats:styled-content>s) undergo limited enzymatic cleavage resulting in the release of fragments exerting biological activities, which are usually different from those of the full‐length molecules. In this review, we define matrikines and matricryptins, which are bioactive fragments released from the extracellular matrix proteins, proteoglycans and <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">GAG</jats:styled-content>s and report their major biological activities. These fragments regulate a number of physiopathological processes including angiogenesis, cancer, fibrosis, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and wound healing. The challenges to translate these fragments from molecules biologically active <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and in experimental models to potential drugs are discussed in the last part of the review.</jats:p>

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