Heart failure prognosis over time: how the prognostic role of oxygen consumption and ventilatory efficiency during exercise has changed in the last 20 years
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- Stefania Paolillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Federico II University of Naples Naples Italy
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- Fabrizio Veglia
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan Italy
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- Elisabetta Salvioni
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan Italy
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- Ugo Corrà
- Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Veruno Veruno Italy
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- Massimo Piepoli
- Division of Cardiology G. da Saliceto Hospital Piacenza Italy
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- Rocco Lagioia
- Division of Cardiology, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Cassano Murge Bari Italy
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- Giuseppe Limongelli
- Cardiology SUN, Monaldi Hospital (Azienda dei Colli) Second University of Naples Naples Italy
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- Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiovascular Department Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste Trieste Italy
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- Gaia Cattadori
- Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation Multimedica IRCCS Milan Italy
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- Angela B. Scardovi
- Cardiology Division Santo Spirito Hospital Rome Italy
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- Marco Metra
- Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia Brescia Italy
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- Michele Senni
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure and Heart Transplant Unit Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital Bergamo Italy
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- Alice Bonomi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan Italy
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- Domenico Scrutinio
- Division of Cardiology, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Cassano Murge Bari Italy
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- Rosa Raimondo
- Salvatore Maugeri Foundation IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Tradate Tradate, Italy
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- Michele Emdin
- Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, CNR‐Regione Toscana Pisa Italy
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- Damiano Magrì
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
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- Gianfranco Parati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano‐Bicocca Milan Italy
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- Federica Re
- Cardiology Division, Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Cardiomyopathies Unit San Camillo‐Forlanini Hospital Rome Italy
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- Mariantonietta Cicoira
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine University of Verona Verona Italy
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- Chiara Minà
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation IRCCS – ISMETT Palermo Italy
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- Michele Correale
- Department of Cardiology University of Foggia Foggia Italy
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- Maria Frigerio
- ‘A. De Gasperis’ Cardiology Department Niguarda Hospital Milan Italy
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- Maurizio Bussotti
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Milan Milan Italy
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- Elisa Battaia
- Department of Cardiology S. Chiara Hospital Trento Italy
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- Marco Guazzi
- Cardiology University Department, Heart Failure Unit and Cardiopulmonary Laboratory IRCCS Policlinico San Donato San Donato Milanese, Milan Italy
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- Roberto Badagliacca
- Department of Cardiovascular Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological, and Geriatric Sciences Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
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- Andrea Di Lenarda
- Cardiovascular Center, Health Authority 1 and University of Trieste Trieste Italy
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- Aldo Maggioni
- ANMCO Research Center Florence Italy
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- Claudio Passino
- Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, CNR‐Regione Toscana Pisa Italy
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- Susanna Sciomer
- Department of Cardiovascular Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological, and Geriatric Sciences Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
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- Giuseppe Pacileo
- Cardiology SUN, Monaldi Hospital (Azienda dei Colli) Second University of Naples Naples Italy
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- Massimo Mapelli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan Italy
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- Carlo Vignati
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan Italy
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- Francesco Clemenza
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation IRCCS – ISMETT Palermo Italy
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- Simone Binno
- Division of Cardiology G. da Saliceto Hospital Piacenza Italy
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- Carlo Lombardi
- Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia Brescia Italy
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- Pasquale Perrone Filardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Federico II University of Naples Naples Italy
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- Piergiuseppe Agostoni
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan Italy
抄録
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims</jats:title><jats:p>Exercise‐derived parameters, specifically peak exercise oxygen uptake (peak VO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) and minute ventilation/carbon dioxide relationship slope (VE/VCO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> slope), have a pivotal prognostic value in heart failure (HF). It is unknown how the prognostic threshold of peak VO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and VE/VCO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> slope has changed over the last 20 years in parallel with HF prognosis improvement.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results</jats:title><jats:p>Data from 6083 HF patients (81% male, age 61 ± 13 years), enrolled in the MECKI score database between 1993 and 2015, were retrospectively analysed. By enrolment year, four groups were generated: group 1 1993–2000 (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 440), group 2 2001–2005 (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 1288), group 3 2006–2010 (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 2368), and group 4 2011–2015 (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 1987). We compared the 10‐year survival of groups and analysed how the overall risk (cardiovascular death, urgent heart transplantation, or left ventricular assist device implantation) changed over time according to peak VO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and VE/VCO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> slope and to major clinical and therapeutic variables. At 10 years, a progressively higher survival from group 1 to group 3 was observed, with no further improvement afterwards. A 20% risk for peak VO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> 15 mL/min/kg (95% confidence interval 16–13), 9 (11–8), 4 (4–2) and 5 (7–4) was observed in group 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, while the VE/VCO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> slope value for a 20% risk was 32 (37–29), 47 (51–43), 59 (64–55), and 57 (63–52), respectively.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Heart failure prognosis improved over time up to 2010 in a HF population followed by experienced centres. The peak VO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and VE/VCO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> slope cut‐offs identifying a definite risk progressively decreased and increased over time, respectively. The prognostic threshold of peak VO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and VE/VCO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> slope must be updated whenever HF prognosis improves.</jats:p></jats:sec>
収録刊行物
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- European Journal of Heart Failure
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European Journal of Heart Failure 21 (2), 208-217, 2019-01-11
Wiley