The Use of Optical Coherence Tomography in Dental Diagnostics: A State-of-the-Art Review

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  • Monika Machoy
    Division of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Ul. Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
  • Julia Seeliger
    Division of Orthodontics, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
  • Liliana Szyszka-Sommerfeld
    Division of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Ul. Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
  • Robert Koprowski
    Department of Biomedical Computer Systems, Faculty of Computer Science and Materials Science, Institute of Computer Science, University of Silesia, Ul. Będzińska 39, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
  • Tomasz Gedrange
    Division of Orthodontics, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
  • Krzysztof Woźniak
    Division of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Ul. Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland

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<jats:p>Optical coherence tomography provides sections of tissues in a noncontact and noninvasive manner. The device measures the time delay and intensity of the light scattered or reflected from biological tissues, which results in tomographic imaging of their internal structure. This is achieved by scanning tissues at a resolution ranging from 1 to 15 <jats:italic>μ</jats:italic>m. OCT enables real-time in situ imaging of tissues without the need for biopsy, histological procedures, or the use of X-rays, so it can be used in many fields of medicine. Its properties are not only particularly used in ophthalmology, in the diagnosis of all layers of the retina, but also increasingly in cardiology, gastroenterology, pulmonology, oncology, and dermatology. The basic properties of OCT, that is, noninvasiveness and low wattage of the used light, have also been appreciated in analytical technology by conservators, who use it to identify the quality and age of paintings, ceramics, or glass. Recently, the OCT technique of visualization is being tested in different fields of dentistry, which is depicted in the article.</jats:p>

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