Effects of amisulpride and aripiprazole on progressive-ratio schedule performance: comparison with clozapine and haloperidol

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  • FS den Boon
    Psychopharmacology Section, Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
  • S Body
    Psychopharmacology Section, Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
  • CL Hampson
    Psychopharmacology Section, Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
  • CM Bradshaw
    Psychopharmacology Section, Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
  • E Szabadi
    Psychopharmacology Section, Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
  • N de Bruin
    Psychopharmacology Section, Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

Description

<jats:p> Clozapine and some other atypical antipsychotics (e.g. quetiapine, olanzapine) have been found to exert a characteristic profile of action on operant behaviour maintained by progressive-ratio schedules, as revealed by Killeen’s Mathematical Principles of Reinforcement model of schedule-controlled behaviour. These drugs increase the value of a parameter that expresses the ‘incentive value’ of the reinforcer ( a) and a parameter that is inversely related to the organism’s ‘motor capacity’ (δ). This experiment examined the effects of two further atypical antipsychotics, aripiprazole and amisulpride, on progressive-ratio schedule performance in rats; the effects of clozapine and a conventional antipsychotic, haloperidol, were also examined. In agreement with previous findings, clozapine (4, 8 mg kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) increased a and δ, whereas haloperidol (0.05, 0.1 mg kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) reduced a and increased δ. Aripiprazole (3,30 mg kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) increased δ but did not affect a. Amisulpride (5, 50 mg kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) had a delayed and protracted effect: δ was increased 3–6 hours after treatment; a was increased 1.5 hours, and reduced 12–24 hours after treatment. Interpretation based on Killeen’s model suggests that aripiprazole does not share clozapine’s ability to enhance reinforcer value. Amisulpride produced a short-lived enhancement, followed by a long-lasting reduction, of reinforcer value. Both drugs impaired motor performance. </jats:p>

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