Neural control of the cardio-arterial valves in an isopod crustacean,Bathynomus doederleini: Excitatory and inhibitory junctional potentials

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1. InBathynomus doederleini, there are cardio-arterial valves at the junctions between the heart and the arteries. These comprise: one anterior median artery, a pair of anterior lateral arteries and five pairs of lateral arteries. 2. The valves at the cardiac junctions of the three anterior arteries receive innervation from a pair of anterior cardiac nerves. The anterior cardiac nerve on each side contains one excitatory and one inhibitory motor axon for the valves. 3. Excitatory junctional potentials (EJPs) were recorded from all three valves of the anterior arteries. Inhibitory junctional potentials (IJPs) were recorded from the valves of the pair of anterior lateral arteries, but not from the valve of the anterior median artery. 4. A whole-mount preparation treated with glyoxylic acid developed fluorophore processes on all three valves of the anterior median and lateral arteries, suggesting that the processes are due to a pair of aminergic excitatory valve nerves. 5. The lateral arterial valves receive innervation from the valve nerves running alongside the arteries. Each of the valves of the lateral arteries are innervated by inhibitory motor nerves producing IJPs in the valves, and probably only by these nerves. 6. It is suggested that the flow of haemolymph to individual arteries is regulated by three types of innervation of the cardio-arterial valves. These are: dual innervation by excitatory and inhibitory axons, and single innervation which may be either excitatory or inhibitory.

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