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- Andrew H. Moeller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;
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- Yingying Li
- Departments of cMedicine and
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- Eitel Mpoudi Ngole
- Institut de Recherches Médicales et d’Études des Plantes Médicinales, Prévention du Sida au Cameroun, BP 906 Yaoundé, Republic of Cameroon;
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- Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale, BP 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
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- Elizabeth V. Lonsdorf
- Department of Psychology and
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- Anne E. Pusey
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
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- Martine Peeters
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier, France;
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- Beatrice H. Hahn
- Departments of cMedicine and
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- Howard Ochman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712;
説明
<jats:title>Significance</jats:title> <jats:p>Human lifestyles profoundly influence the communities of microorganisms that inhabit the body, that is, the microbiome; however, how the microbiomes of humans have diverged from those found within wild-living hominids is not clear. To establish how the gut microbiome has changed since the diversification of human and ape species, we characterized the microbial assemblages residing within hundreds of wild chimpanzees, bonobos, and gorillas. Changes in the composition of the microbiome accrued steadily as African apes diversified, but human microbiomes have diverged at an accelerated pace owing to a dramatic loss of ancestral microbial diversity. These results suggest that the human microbiome has undergone a substantial transformation since the human–chimpanzee split.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 (46), 16431-16435, 2014-11-03
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences