<i>Arabidopsis</i> lysin-motif proteins LYM1 LYM3 CERK1 mediate bacterial peptidoglycan sensing and immunity to bacterial infection

DOI Web Site 被引用文献30件
  • Roland Willmann
    Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
  • Heini M. Lajunen
    Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
  • Gitte Erbs
    Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
  • Mari-Anne Newman
    Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
  • Dagmar Kolb
    Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
  • Kenichi Tsuda
    Center for Microbial and Plant Genomics, Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108;
  • Fumiaki Katagiri
    Center for Microbial and Plant Genomics, Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108;
  • Judith Fliegmann
    Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5546, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France;
  • Jean-Jacques Bono
    Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique–Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France;
  • Julie V. Cullimore
    Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique–Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France;
  • Anna K. Jehle
    Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
  • Friedrich Götz
    Department of Microbial Genetics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
  • Andreas Kulik
    Department of Microbiology/Biotechnology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
  • Antonio Molinaro
    Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biochimica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli 80126, Italy; and
  • Volker Lipka
    Department of Plant Cell Biology, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
  • Andrea A. Gust
    Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
  • Thorsten Nürnberger
    Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;

抄録

<jats:p> Recognition of microbial patterns by host pattern recognition receptors is a key step in immune activation in multicellular eukaryotes. Peptidoglycans (PGNs) are major components of bacterial cell walls that possess immunity-stimulating activities in metazoans and plants. Here we show that PGN sensing and immunity to bacterial infection in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</jats:italic> requires three lysin-motif (LysM) domain proteins. LYM1 and LYM3 are plasma membrane proteins that physically interact with PGNs and mediate <jats:italic>Arabidopsis</jats:italic> sensitivity to structurally different PGNs from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. <jats:italic>lym1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>lym3</jats:italic> mutants lack PGN-induced changes in transcriptome activity patterns, but respond to fungus-derived chitin, a pattern structurally related to PGNs, in a wild-type manner. Notably, <jats:italic>lym1</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>lym3</jats:italic> , and <jats:italic>lym3 lym1</jats:italic> mutant genotypes exhibit supersusceptibility to infection with virulent <jats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae</jats:italic> pathovar <jats:italic>tomato</jats:italic> DC3000. Defects in basal immunity in <jats:italic>lym3 lym1</jats:italic> double mutants resemble those observed in <jats:italic>lym1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>lym3</jats:italic> single mutants, suggesting that both proteins are part of the same recognition system. We further show that deletion of CERK1, a LysM receptor kinase that had previously been implicated in chitin perception and immunity to fungal infection in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis</jats:italic> , phenocopies defects observed in <jats:italic>lym1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>lym3</jats:italic> mutants, such as peptidoglycan insensitivity and enhanced susceptibility to bacterial infection. Altogether, our findings suggest that plants share with metazoans the ability to recognize bacterial PGNs. However, as <jats:italic>Arabidopsis</jats:italic> LysM domain proteins LYM1, LYM3, and CERK1 form a PGN recognition system that is unrelated to metazoan PGN receptors, we propose that lineage-specific PGN perception systems have arisen through convergent evolution. </jats:p>

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