Combined circulating tumor DNA and protein biomarker-based liquid biopsy for the earlier detection of pancreatic cancers

  • Joshua D. Cohen
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Ammar A. Javed
    Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Christopher Thoburn
    Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Fay Wong
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Jeanne Tie
    Division of Systems Biology and Personalized Medicine, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3021, Australia;
  • Peter Gibbs
    Division of Systems Biology and Personalized Medicine, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3021, Australia;
  • C. Max Schmidt
    Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202;
  • Michele T. Yip-Schneider
    Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202;
  • Peter J. Allen
    Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065;
  • Mark Schattner
    Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065;
  • Randall E. Brand
    Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260;
  • Aatur D. Singhi
    Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260;
  • Gloria M. Petersen
    Department of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902;
  • Seung-Mo Hong
    Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
  • Song Cheol Kim
    Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
  • Massimo Falconi
    Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute Research Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy;
  • Claudio Doglioni
    Department of Pathology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute Research Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy;
  • Matthew J. Weiss
    Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Nita Ahuja
    Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Jin He
    Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Martin A. Makary
    Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Anirban Maitra
    The Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030;
  • Samir M. Hanash
    The Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030;
  • Marco Dal Molin
    The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Yuxuan Wang
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Lu Li
    Department of Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205;
  • Janine Ptak
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Lisa Dobbyn
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Joy Schaefer
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Natalie Silliman
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Maria Popoli
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Michael G. Goggins
    Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Ralph H. Hruban
    Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Christopher L. Wolfgang
    Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Alison P. Klein
    Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Cristian Tomasetti
    Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Nickolas Papadopoulos
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Kenneth W. Kinzler
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Bert Vogelstein
    The Ludwig Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;
  • Anne Marie Lennon
    The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287;

Description

<jats:title>Significance</jats:title><jats:p>Few patients with pancreatic cancer survive longer than 5 y, in part because most patients are identified only after their disease has progressed to an advanced stage. In this study, we show how combining mutations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) with protein markers can result in a screening test with improved sensitivity while retaining specificity. The combination of the ctDNA and protein markers was superior to any single marker. Moreover, the combination detected nearly two-thirds of pancreatic cancers that had no evidence of distant metastasis at the time of surgical resection. The strategy may represent an approach to detect cancers of many types at an earlier stage.</jats:p>

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