Lactobacillus nasalidis sp. nov., isolated from the forestomach of a captive proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus)

<jats:p>Three strains (YZ01<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>, YZ02 and YZ03) of Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic rods were isolated from the forestomach contents collected from a captive male proboscis monkey (<jats:italic>Nasalis larvatus</jats:italic>) at Yokohama Zoo in Japan. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that these strains belonged to the genus <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="genus"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.5320" xlink:type="simple">Lactobacillus</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic>. Based on the sequence similarity of the 16S rRNA gene, <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="subspecies"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8657" xlink:type="simple">Lactobacillus delbrueckii</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="subspecies"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8657" xlink:type="simple">indicus</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> JCM 15610<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> was the closest phylogenetic neighbour to YZ01<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>. Sequence analyses of two partial concatenated housekeeping genes, the RNA polymerase alpha subunit (<jats:italic>rpoA</jats:italic>) and phenylalanyl-tRNA synthase alpha subunit (<jats:italic>pheS</jats:italic>) also indicated that the novel strains belonged to the genus <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="genus"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.5320" xlink:type="simple">Lactobacillus</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic>. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) between <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="subspecies"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8657" xlink:type="simple">L. delbrueckii</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="subspecies"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8657" xlink:type="simple">indicus</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> and YZ01<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> were 85.9 and 31.4 %, respectively. The phylogenetic tree based on the whole genomic data of strains YZ01<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>, YZ02 and YZ03 suggested that these three strains formed a single monophyletic cluster in the genus <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="genus"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.5320" xlink:type="simple">Lactobacillus</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic>, indicating that it belonged to a new species. The DNA G+C content of strain YZ01<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> was 51.6 mol%. The major fatty acids were C<jats:sub>16 : 0</jats:sub> and C<jats:sub>18 : 1</jats:sub> ω9<jats:italic>c</jats:italic>. Therefore, based on phylogenetic, phenotypic and physiological evidence, strains YZ01<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>, YZ02 and YZ03 represent a novel species of the genus <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="genus"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.5320" xlink:type="simple">Lactobacillus</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic>, for which the name <jats:italic>Lactobacillus nasalidis</jats:italic> sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain YZ01<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (=JCM 33769<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>=DSM 110539<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>).</jats:p>