NARROW AND DWARF LEAF 1, the Ortholog of <i>Arabidopsis</i> ENHANCER OF SHOOT REGENERATION1/DORNRÖSCHEN, Mediates Leaf Development and Maintenance of the Shoot Apical Meristem in <i>Oryza sativa</i> L

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  • Andree S Kusnandar
  • Jun-Ichi Itoh
    Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
  • Yutaka Sato
    Department of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540 Japan
  • Eriko Honda
    Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
  • Ken-ichiro Hibara
    Graduate School of Agricultural Regional Vitalization, Kibi International University, Minamiawaji, Hyogo, 656-0484 Japan
  • Junko Kyozuka
    Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577 Japan
  • Satoshi Naramoto
    Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810 Japan

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The molecular basis for leaf development, a major focus in developmental biology, remains unclear in the monocotyledonous grass, rice (Oryza sativa). Here, we performed a mutant screen in rice and identified an AP2-type transcription factor family protein, NARROW AND DWARF LEAF1 (NDL1). NDL1 is the ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana (subsequently called Arabidopsis) ENHANCER OF SHOOT REGENERATION1 (ESR1)/DORNRÖSCHEN (DRN) and mediates leaf development and maintenance of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Loss of function of NDL1 results in bladeless leaves and SAMs that are flat, rather than dome-shaped, and lack cell proliferation activity. This loss of function also causes reduced auxin signaling. Moreover, as is the case with Arabidopsis ESR1/DRN, NDL1 plays crucial roles in shoot regeneration. Importantly, we found that NDL1 is not expressed in the SAM but is expressed in leaf primordia. We propose that NDL1 cell autonomously regulates leaf development, but non-cell autonomously regulates SAM maintenance in rice.</jats:p>

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