Sleep Deprivation and Neurological Disorders

  • Muhammed Bishir
    Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
  • Abid Bhat
    Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
  • Musthafa Mohamed Essa
    Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
  • Okobi Ekpo
    Department of Medical Bioscience, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, South Africa
  • Amadi O. Ihunwo
    School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, York Road, Parktown, 2193 Johannesburg, South Africa
  • Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
    Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, 600 077, Chennai, India
  • Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
    Department of Biochemistry, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, 600123, Chennai, India
  • Arehally M. Mahalakshmi
    Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
  • Bipul Ray
    Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
  • Sunanda Tuladhar
    Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
  • Sulie Chang
    Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Ave South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
  • Saravana Babu Chidambaram
    Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
  • Meena Kishore Sakharkar
    College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107, Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
  • Gilles J. Guillemin
    Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
  • M. Walid Qoronfleh
    Research & Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
  • David M. Ojcius
    Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA

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<jats:p>Sleep plays an important role in maintaining neuronal circuitry, signalling and helps maintain overall health and wellbeing. Sleep deprivation (SD) disturbs the circadian physiology and exerts a negative impact on brain and behavioural functions. SD impairs the cellular clearance of misfolded neurotoxin proteins like α-synuclein, amyloid-β, and tau which are involved in major neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. In addition, SD is also shown to affect the glymphatic system, a glial-dependent metabolic waste clearance pathway, causing accumulation of misfolded faulty proteins in synaptic compartments resulting in cognitive decline. Also, SD affects the immunological and redox system resulting in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Hence, it is important to understand the molecular and biochemical alterations that are the causative factors leading to these pathophysiological effects on the neuronal system. This review is an attempt in this direction. It provides up-to-date information on the alterations in the key processes, pathways, and proteins that are negatively affected by SD and become reasons for neurological disorders over a prolonged period of time, if left unattended.</jats:p>

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