Covid‐19 and kidney injury: Pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms
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- Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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- Seyed Mahdi Hosseiniyan Khatibi
- Kidney Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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- Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani
- Clinical Research Development Unit Sina Educational, Research and Treatment Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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- Sima Abediazar
- Kidney Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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- Mohammadali M. Shoja
- Department of Surgery University of Illinois at Chicago‐Metropolitan Group Hospitals (UIC‐MGH) Chicago Illinois USA
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- Mohammadreza Ardalan
- Kidney Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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- Sepideh Zununi Vahed
- Kidney Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
Abstract
<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>The novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) has turned into a life‐threatening pandemic disease (Covid‐19). About 5% of patients with Covid‐19 have severe symptoms including septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and the failure of several organs, while most of them have mild symptoms. Frequently, the kidneys are involved through direct or indirect mechanisms. Kidney involvement mainly manifests itself as proteinuria and acute kidney injury (AKI). The SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced kidney damage is expected to be multifactorial; directly it can infect the kidney podocytes and proximal tubular cells and based on an angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) pathway it can lead to acute tubular necrosis, protein leakage in Bowman's capsule, collapsing glomerulopathy and mitochondrial impairment. The SARS‐CoV‐2‐driven dysregulation of the immune responses including cytokine storm, macrophage activation syndrome, and lymphopenia can be other causes of the AKI. Organ interactions, endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulability, rhabdomyolysis, and sepsis are other potential mechanisms of AKI. Moreover, lower oxygen delivery to kidney may cause an ischaemic injury. Understanding the fundamental molecular pathways and pathophysiology of kidney injury and AKI in Covid‐19 is necessary to develop management strategies and design effective therapies.</jats:p>
Journal
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- Reviews in Medical Virology
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Reviews in Medical Virology 31 (3), 2020-10-06
Wiley
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Details 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1360579818108321792
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- DOI
- 10.1002/rmv.2176
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- ISSN
- 10991654
- 10529276
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- Data Source
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- Crossref