Heat stress destabilizes symbiotic nutrient cycling in corals

  • Nils Rädecker
    Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;
  • Claudia Pogoreutz
    Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;
  • Hagen M. Gegner
    Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;
  • Anny Cárdenas
    Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;
  • Florian Roth
    Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;
  • Jeremy Bougoure
    Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
  • Paul Guagliardo
    Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
  • Christian Wild
    Marine Ecology Department, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany;
  • Mathieu Pernice
    Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
  • Jean-Baptiste Raina
    Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
  • Anders Meibom
    Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
  • Christian R. Voolstra
    Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;

抄録

<jats:title>Significance</jats:title> <jats:p>Ocean warming is causing repeated mass coral bleaching, leading to catastrophic losses of coral reefs worldwide. Our ability to slow or revert this decline is hampered by an incomplete understanding of the processes underlying the breakdown of the coral–algal symbiosis. Here, we show that heat stress destabilizes the nutrient cycling between corals and their endosymbiotic algae long before bleaching becomes apparent. Notably, increased metabolic energy demands shift the coral–algal symbiosis from a nitrogen- to a carbon-limited state, reducing translocation and recycling of photosynthetic carbon. This effectively undermines the ecological advantage of harboring algal symbionts and directly contributes to the breakdown of the coral–algal symbiosis during heat stress.</jats:p>

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