Building statistical models to analyze species distributions

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Models of the geographic distributions of species have wide application in ecology. But the nonspatial, single-level regression models that ecologists typically employ do not deal with problems of sampling irregularity or spatial dependence, and do not adequately quantify uncertainty. We show here how to build statistical models that can handle these features of spatial prediction and provide richer, more powerful inference about species niche relations, distributions, and the effects of human disturbance. We begin with a familiar generalized linear model and build in additional features, including spatial random effects and hierarchical levels.</jats:p>

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