Hemodynamics in Intracranial Aneurysm Formation

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<jats:p>Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are dilated lesions of the arterial wall caused by a dysfunction of the hemodynamic stress, leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage, which can be devastating. In initiating IAs, two different hemodynamic factors, high wall shear stress (WSS) and mechanical stretch, simultaneously stimulate vascular endothelial cells and adventitial fibroblasts, to recruit macrophages into the vessel wall and cause chronic inflammation. Interestingly, whereas IA initiation is triggered by high WSS, its growth and rupture are suggested to be induced by low WSS. This tentative chapter describes the pathophysiology of IAs, focusing on hemodynamic features. Subsequently, recent advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to IA growth and rupture including computational fluid dynamics and artificial intelligence are discussed.</jats:p>

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