Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Thermogravimetric analysis—TGA
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- Nooshin Saadatkhah
- Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
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- Adrián Carillo Garcia
- Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
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- Sarah Ackermann
- C‐Therm Technologies, Thermal Analysis Labs Division, Thermal Analysis Labs Ltd. Fredericton New Brunswick Canada
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- Philippe Leclerc
- Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
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- Mohammad Latifi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
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- Said Samih
- Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
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- Gregory S. Patience
- Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
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- Jamal Chaouki
- Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
説明
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a quantitative analytical technique that monitors the mass of a sample from 1 mg to several g as a furnace ramps temperature to as high as 1600°C under a stable or changing gas flow. The first gravimetric test was in 27 BC when Vitruvius measured limestone's change of mass as it calcined to lime. In modern chemical engineering, researchers apply the technique to derive conversions, kinetics, and mechanisms for any process with a change of mass by isothermal, non‐isothermal, and quasi‐isothermal methods. The mass drops as the sample decomposes, volatile compounds evaporate, or the oxidation state decreases, while in reactive environments (with O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, for example), the mass of transition metals may increase. TGA is incapable of detecting phase transitions, polymorphic transformations, or reactions for which mass is invariant. DSC or DTA couple with TGA to help deconvolute a DSC plot by separating physical changes from chemical changes. Evolved gas analysis techniques monitor the gaseous products exiting the TGA furnace on‐line as the temperature ramps. A bibliometric map of keywords from articles citing TGA indexed by <jats:italic>Web of Science</jats:italic> in 2016 and 2017 identified five research clusters: nanoparticles, performance, and films; crystal structures, acid, and oxidation; composites, nanocomposites, and mechanical properties; kinetics, pyrolysis, and temperature; and adsorption, water and wastewater, and aqueous solutions. This review provides an overview of the basic principles of modern TGA.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering
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The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 98 (1), 34-43, 2019-12-05
Wiley
