Special Report on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical EEG and Research and Consensus Recommendations for the Safe Use of EEG

DOI Web Site Web Site 179 References Open Access
  • Salvatore Campanella
    Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d’Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann–Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Belgium
  • Kemal Arikan
    Kemal Arıkan Psychiatry Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
  • Claudio Babiloni
    Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
  • Michela Balconi
    Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  • Maurizio Bertollo
    BIND–Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
  • Viviana Betti
    Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
  • Luigi Bianchi
    Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ingegneria Informatica (DICII), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
  • Martin Brunovsky
    National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany Czech Republic
  • Carla Buttinelli
    Department of Neurosciences, Public Health and Sense Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
  • Silvia Comani
    BIND–Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
  • Giorgio Di Lorenzo
    Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
  • Daniel Dumalin
    AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende AV, Campus Henri Serruys, Lab of Neurophysiology, Department Neurology-Psychiatry, Ostend, Belgium
  • Carles Escera
    Brainlab–Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  • Andreas Fallgatter
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Tübingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School and Training Center, Tübingen, Germany
  • Derek Fisher
    Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, and Department of Psychiatry, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
  • Giulia Maria Giordano
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
  • Bahar Guntekin
    Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • Claudio Imperatori
    Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
  • Ryouhei Ishii
    Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
  • Hendrik Kajosch
    Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d’Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann–Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Belgium
  • Michael Kiang
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • Eduardo López-Caneda
    Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Research in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
  • Pascal Missonnier
    Mental Health Network Fribourg (RFSM), Sector of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy for Adults, Marsens, Switzerland
  • Armida Mucci
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
  • Sebastian Olbrich
    Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Department for Psychiatry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
  • Georges Otte
    Group “Neurotope”, Ghent, Belgium
  • Andrea Perrottelli
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
  • Alessandra Pizzuti
    Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
  • Diego Pinal
    Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Research in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
  • Dean Salisbury
    Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • Yingying Tang
    Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
  • Paolo Tisei
    Department of Neurosciences, Public Health and Sense Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
  • Jijun Wang
    Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
  • Istvan Winkler
    Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
  • Jiajin Yuan
    Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
  • Oliver Pogarell
    Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany

Description

<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p> The global COVID-19 pandemic has affected the economy, daily life, and mental/physical health. The latter includes the use of electroencephalography (EEG) in clinical practice and research. We report a survey of the impact of COVID-19 on the use of clinical EEG in practice and research in several countries, and the recommendations of an international panel of experts for the safe application of EEG during and after this pandemic. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p> Fifteen clinicians from 8 different countries and 25 researchers from 13 different countries reported the impact of COVID-19 on their EEG activities, the procedures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and precautions planned or already implemented during the reopening of EEG activities. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> Of the 15 clinical centers responding, 11 reported a total stoppage of all EEG activities, while 4 reduced the number of tests per day. In research settings, all 25 laboratories reported a complete stoppage of activity, with 7 laboratories reopening to some extent since initial closure. In both settings, recommended precautions for restarting or continuing EEG recording included strict hygienic rules, social distance, and assessment for infection symptoms among staff and patients/participants. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p> The COVID-19 pandemic interfered with the use of EEG recordings in clinical practice and even more in clinical research. We suggest updated best practices to allow safe EEG recordings in both research and clinical settings. The continued use of EEG is important in those with psychiatric diseases, particularly in times of social alarm such as the COVID-19 pandemic. </jats:p></jats:sec>

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