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Daytime Dynamo Electrodynamics With Spiral Currents Driven by Strong Winds Revealed by Vapor Trails and Sounding Rocket Probes
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- R. Pfaff
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA
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- M. Larsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Clemson University Clemson SC USA
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- T. Abe
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Tokyo Japan
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- H. Habu
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Tokyo Japan
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- J. Clemmons
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of New Hampshire Durham NH USA
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- H. Freudenreich
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA
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- D. Rowland
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA
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- T. Bullett
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO USA
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- M.‐Y. Yamamoto
- School of Systems Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kami Japan
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- S. Watanabe
- Department of Information Media Hokkaido Information University Ebetsu Japan
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- Y. Kakinami
- Department of Information Media Hokkaido Information University Ebetsu Japan
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- T. Yokoyama
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto University Uji Japan
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- J. Mabie
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO USA
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- J. Klenzing
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA
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- R. Bishop
- Aerospace Corporation El Segundo CA USA
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- R. Walterscheid
- Aerospace Corporation El Segundo CA USA
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- M. Yamamoto
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto University Uji Japan
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- Y. Yamazaki
- Geo Forschungs Zentrum Potsdam Germany
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- N. Murphy
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena CA USA
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- V. Angelopoulos
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences University of California Los Angeles CA USA
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Description
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>We investigate the forces and atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling that create atmospheric dynamo currents using two rockets launched nearly simultaneously on 4 July 2013 from Wallops Island (USA), during daytime Sq conditions with ΔH of −30 nT. One rocket released a vapor trail observed from an airplane which showed peak velocities of >160 m/s near 108 km and turbulence coincident with strong unstable shear. Electric and magnetic fields and plasma density were measured on a second rocket. The current density peaked near 110 km exhibiting a spiral pattern with altitude that mirrored that of the winds, suggesting the dynamo is driven by tidal forcing. Such stratified currents are obscured in integrated ground measurements. Large electric fields produced a current opposite to that driven by the wind, believed created to minimize the current divergence. Using the observations, we solve the dynamo equation versus altitude, providing a new perspective on the complex nature of the atmospheric dynamo.</jats:p>
Journal
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- Geophysical Research Letters
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Geophysical Research Letters 47 (15), 2020-08-03
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
