Most Reported Genetic Associations With General Intelligence Are Probably False Positives
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- Christopher F. Chabris
- Department of Psychology, Union College
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- Benjamin M. Hebert
- Department of Economics, Harvard University
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- Daniel J. Benjamin
- Department of Economics, Cornell University
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- Jonathan Beauchamp
- Department of Economics, Harvard University
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- David Cesarini
- Department of Economics, New York University
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- Matthijs van der Loos
- Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam
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- Magnus Johannesson
- Stockholm School of Economics
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- Patrik K. E. Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet
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- Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet
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- Craig S. Atwood
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health
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- Jeremy Freese
- Department of Sociology, Northwestern University
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- Taissa S. Hauser
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin–Madison
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- Robert M. Hauser
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin–Madison
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- Nicholas Christakis
- Department of Sociology, Harvard University
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- David Laibson
- Department of Economics, Harvard University
説明
<jats:p> General intelligence ( g) and virtually all other behavioral traits are heritable. Associations between g and specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several candidate genes involved in brain function have been reported. We sought to replicate published associations between g and 12 specific genetic variants (in the genes DTNBP1, CTSD, DRD2, ANKK1, CHRM2, SSADH, COMT, BDNF, CHRNA4, DISC1, APOE, and SNAP25) using data sets from three independent, well-characterized longitudinal studies with samples of 5,571, 1,759, and 2,441 individuals. Of 32 independent tests across all three data sets, only 1 was nominally significant. By contrast, power analyses showed that we should have expected 10 to 15 significant associations, given reasonable assumptions for genotype effect sizes. For positive controls, we confirmed accepted genetic associations for Alzheimer’s disease and body mass index, and we used SNP-based calculations of genetic relatedness to replicate previous estimates that about half of the variance in g is accounted for by common genetic variation among individuals. We conclude that the molecular genetics of psychology and social science requires approaches that go beyond the examination of candidate genes. </jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Psychological Science
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Psychological Science 23 (11), 1314-1323, 2012-09-24
SAGE Publications
