Growth direction of columnar crystals solidified in flowing melt

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Abstract Aluminum-copper alloys containing 0.5–8.8 wt% Cu were unidirectionally solidified. Columnar crystals were grown in flowing melts at flow rates ranging from 4 to 90 cm/s, and the deflection angle of the crystal growth direction in the upstream direction was measured as functions of flow rate and copper content. The columnar crystals originated from nuclei or solid particles with the most suitable crystallographic orientation for growing in flowing melt. The growth direction of the columnar dendrites was nearly equal to that of the columnar grains comprising the columnar dendrites. The deflection angle for the columnar grains increased only slightly with an increase in flow rate or copper content within the ranges investigated, while the inclination angle of the growth direction of columnar dendrites from the [100] direction increased with an increase in flow rate and with a decrease in copper content.

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