Genetic dissection of the photoreceptor system in the compound eye of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

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<jats:p>1. Three mutations which eliminate specific types of photoreceptors in <jats:italic>Drosophila</jats:italic> were characterized.</jats:p><jats:p>2. Of the eight photoreceptors in each facet, two mutations delete the outer six (R 1‐6). The third eliminates R 7, one of the two central photoreceptors. Double mutants can be constructed in which only photoreceptor R 8 is present.</jats:p><jats:p>3. The spectral sensitivities, photopigments, and behavioural properties of these mutants were investigated.</jats:p><jats:p>4. R 1‐6 have two sensitivity peaks, near 350 and 470 nm. These receptors contain a rhodopsin with these absorption peaks. It interconverts with a metarhodopsin that absorbs around 570 nm.</jats:p><jats:p>5. R 7 is a U.V.‐receptor, containing rhodopsin that absorbs around 370 nm and interconverts with a metarhodopsin which absorbs around 470 nm.</jats:p><jats:p>6. R 8 is a non‐adapting blue‐receptor with a third type of rhodopsin.</jats:p><jats:p>7. The properties of these photopigments explain the different sensitivities and spectral adaptation phenomena of the various photoreceptors.</jats:p><jats:p>8. All the photoreceptors have input into phototaxis. Spectral analysis of this behaviour provides evidence for integration of the input from the different photoreceptors.</jats:p>

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