CM6: a comprehensive geomagnetic field model derived from both CHAMP and Swarm satellite observations

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>From the launch of the Ørsted satellite in 1999, through the CHAMP mission from 2000 to 2010, and now with the Swarm constellation mission starting in 2013, satellite magnetometry has provided excellent monitoring of the near-Earth magnetic field regime. The advanced Comprehensive Inversion scheme has been applied to data before Swarm and to the Swarm data itself, but now for the first time to all the satellite data in this new era, culminating in the CM6 model. The highlights of this model include not only a continuous core magnetic field description over the entire time period 1999 to 2019.5 in good agreement with the CHAOS model series, but the addition of two new oceanic tidal magnetic sources: the larger lunar elliptic semi-diurnal constituent <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$N_2$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> and the lunar diurnal constituent <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$O_1$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula>. CM6 is also the parent model of the NASA/GSFC candidates for the DGRF2015 and IGRF2020 in response to the IGRF-13 call. This paper provides a full report on the development of CM6.</jats:p>