Differences in Clinical Features among Different Onset Patterns in Moyamoya Disease

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  • Yudai Hirano
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Satoru Miyawaki
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Hideaki Imai
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Hiroki Hongo
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Yu Teranishi
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Shogo Dofuku
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Daiichiro Ishigami
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Kenta Ohara
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Satoshi Koizumi
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Hideaki Ono
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Hirofumi Nakatomi
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
  • Nobuhito Saito
    Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

Description

<jats:p>Moyamoya disease is characterized by severe stenosis at the ends of the bilateral internal carotid arteries and the development of collateral circulation. The disease is very diverse in terms of age at onset, onset patterns, radiological findings, and genetic phenotypes. The pattern of onset is mainly divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic onsets. Recently, the opportunity to identify asymptomatic moyamoya disease, which sometimes manifests as nonspecific symptoms such as headache and dizziness, through screening with magnetic resonance imaging has been increasing. Various recent reports have investigated the associations between the clinical features of different onset patterns of moyamoya disease and the corresponding imaging characteristics. In this article, we have reviewed the natural history, clinical features, and imaging features of each onset pattern of moyamoya disease.</jats:p>

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