Development of five-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy

  • T. Shimojima
    RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 1 , Wako 351-0198, Japan
  • A. Nakamura
    RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 1 , Wako 351-0198, Japan
  • K. Ishizaka
    RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 1 , Wako 351-0198, Japan

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<jats:p>By combining the scanning transmission electron microscopy with the ultrafast optical pump–probe technique, we improved the time resolution by a factor of ∼1012 for the differential phase contrast and convergent-beam electron diffraction imaging. These methods provide ultrafast nanoscale movies of physical quantities in nano-materials, such as crystal lattice deformation, magnetization vector, and electric field. We demonstrate the observations of the photo-induced acoustic phonon propagation with an accuracy of 4 ps and 8 nm and the ultrafast demagnetization under zero magnetic field with 10 ns and 400 nm resolution, by utilizing these methods.</jats:p>

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