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- Jennifer Sunday
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Canada H3A 1B1
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- Joanne M. Bennett
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
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- Piero Calosi
- Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, Canada G5 L 3A1
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- Susana Clusella-Trullas
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
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- Sarah Gravel
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Canada H3A 1B1
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- Anna L. Hargreaves
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Canada H3A 1B1
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- Félix P. Leiva
- Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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- Wilco C. E. P. Verberk
- Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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- Miguel Ángel Olalla-Tárraga
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles 28933, Spain
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- Ignacio Morales-Castilla
- GloCEE - Global Change Ecology and Evolution Group, Department of Life Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Spain
説明
<jats:p> Linking variation in species' traits to large-scale environmental gradients can lend insight into the evolutionary processes that have shaped functional diversity and future responses to environmental change. Here, we ask how heat and cold tolerance vary as a function of latitude, elevation and climate extremes, using an extensive global dataset of ectotherm and endotherm thermal tolerance limits, while accounting for methodological variation in acclimation temperature, ramping rate and duration of exposure among studies. We show that previously reported relationships between thermal limits and latitude in ectotherms are robust to variation in methods. Heat tolerance of terrestrial ectotherms declined marginally towards higher latitudes and did not vary with elevation, whereas heat tolerance of freshwater and marine ectotherms declined more steeply with latitude. By contrast, cold tolerance limits declined steeply with latitude in marine, intertidal, freshwater and terrestrial ectotherms, and towards higher elevations on land. In all realms, both upper and lower thermal tolerance limits increased with extreme daily temperature, suggesting that different experienced climate extremes across realms explain the patterns, as predicted under the <jats:italic>Climate Extremes Hypothesis</jats:italic> . Statistically accounting for methodological variation in acclimation temperature, ramping rate and exposure duration improved model fits, and increased slopes with extreme ambient temperature. Our results suggest that fundamentally different patterns of thermal limits found among the earth's realms may be largely explained by differences in episodic thermal extremes among realms, updating global macrophysiological ‘rules’. </jats:p> <jats:p>This article is part of the theme issue ‘Physiological diversity, biodiversity patterns and global climate change: testing key hypotheses involving temperature and oxygen’.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374 (1778), 20190036-, 2019-06-17
The Royal Society