Root angle is controlled by<i>EGT1</i>in cereal crops employing an antigravitropic mechanism
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- Riccardo Fusi
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Serena Rosignoli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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- Haoyu Lou
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Giuseppe Sangiorgi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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- Riccardo Bovina
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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- Jacob K. Pattem
- Food Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Aditi N. Borkar
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Marco Lombardi
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Cristian Forestan
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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- Sara G. Milner
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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- Jayne L. Davis
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Aneesh Lale
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Gwendolyn K. Kirschner
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Resource Conservation, Crop Functional Genomics, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
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- Ranjan Swarup
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Alberto Tassinari
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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- Bipin K. Pandey
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Larry M. York
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Brian S. Atkinson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Craig J. Sturrock
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Sacha J. Mooney
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Frank Hochholdinger
- Institute of Crop Sciences and Resource Conservation, Crop Functional Genomics, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
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- Matthew R. Tucker
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
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- Axel Himmelbach
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gaterslelben, Germany
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- Nils Stein
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gaterslelben, Germany
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- Martin Mascher
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gaterslelben, Germany
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- Kerstin A. Nagel
- Institute of Bio- and Geo-sciences, Plant Sciences, 52428 Juelich, Germany
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- Laura De Gara
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, 00128 Italy
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- James Simmonds
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH Norwich, United Kingdom
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- Cristobal Uauy
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH Norwich, United Kingdom
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- Roberto Tuberosa
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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- Jonathan P. Lynch
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Gleb E. Yakubov
- Food Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Malcolm J. Bennett
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Rahul Bhosale
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
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- Silvio Salvi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
抄録
<jats:p>Root angle in crops represents a key trait for efficient capture of soil resources. Root angle is determined by competing gravitropic versus antigravitropic offset (AGO) mechanisms. Here we report a root angle regulatory gene termed<jats:italic>ENHANCED GRAVITROPISM1</jats:italic>(<jats:italic>EGT1</jats:italic>) that encodes a putative AGO component, whose loss-of-function enhances root gravitropism. Mutations in barley and wheat<jats:italic>EGT1</jats:italic>genes confer a striking root phenotype, where every root class adopts a steeper growth angle.<jats:italic>EGT1</jats:italic>encodes an F-box and Tubby domain-containing protein that is highly conserved across plant species. Haplotype analysis found that natural allelic variation at the barley<jats:italic>EGT1</jats:italic>locus impacts root angle. Gravitropic assays indicated that<jats:italic>Hvegt1</jats:italic>roots bend more rapidly than wild-type. Transcript profiling revealed<jats:italic>Hvegt1</jats:italic>roots deregulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and cell wall-loosening enzymes and cofactors. ROS imaging shows that<jats:italic>Hvegt1</jats:italic>root basal meristem and elongation zone tissues have reduced levels. Atomic force microscopy measurements detected elongating<jats:italic>Hvegt1</jats:italic>root cortical cell walls are significantly less stiff than wild-type. In situ analysis identified<jats:italic>HvEGT1</jats:italic>is expressed in elongating cortical and stele tissues, which are distinct from known root gravitropic perception and response tissues in the columella and epidermis, respectively. We propose that EGT1 controls root angle by regulating cell wall stiffness in elongating root cortical tissue, counteracting the gravitropic machinery’s known ability to bend the root via its outermost tissues. We conclude that root angle is controlled by<jats:italic>EGT1</jats:italic>in cereal crops employing an antigravitropic mechanism.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119 (31), 2022-07-26
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences