Plant description, phytochemical constituents and bioactivities of Syzygium genus: A review

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  • Ei Ei Aung
    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
  • Alfinda Novi Kristanti
    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
  • Nanik Siti Aminah
    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
  • Yoshiaki Takaya
    Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya, Japan
  • Rico Ramadhan
    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia

Description

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>This article attempts to report native growth, plant description, phytochemical constituents and bioactivities of <jats:italic>Syzygium aqueum</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S. aromaticum</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S. cumini</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S. guineense</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. samarangense</jats:italic>. Those are the large public species in the <jats:italic>Syzygium</jats:italic> genus and some of them have been used as traditional medicines. Different parts (leaves, seeds, fruits, barks, stem barks and flower buds) of each species plant are rich in phytochemical constituents such as flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, glycosides and phenolics. Antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, toxicity, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic activities are reported in various extracts (methanol, ethanol and aqueous) from different parts of <jats:italic>Syzygium</jats:italic> sp. The bioactivities were studied by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays for antioxidant, 5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoly)-3-(4-sulfophenyl) tetrazolium and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays for anticancer, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays for antidiabetic, agar well diffusion method for antimicrobial and brine shrimp lethality assay for toxicity. Moreover, this review shows that phytochemical constituents of each species significantly presented various bioactivities. Therefore, this review suggests that there is great potential for obtaining the lead drug from these species.</jats:p>

Journal

  • Open Chemistry

    Open Chemistry 18 (1), 1256-1281, 2020-10-13

    Walter de Gruyter GmbH

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