INFLUENCE OF DIETARY POTASSIUM AND SODIUM/POTASSIUM MOLAR RATIOS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SALT HYPERTENSION

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  • Lewis K. Dahl
    From the Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
  • George Leitl
    From the Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
  • Martha Heine
    From the Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973

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<jats:p>Among genetically hypertension-prone rats, dietary sodium (chloride) was demonstrably hypertensinogenic and potassium (chloride) antihypertensinogenic.</jats:p> <jats:p>On diets containing the same NaCl but different KCl concentrations, mean blood pressure was greater in rats receiving less dietary potassium, i.e., diets with a higher Na/K molar ratio.</jats:p> <jats:p>On diets with different absolute concentrations of NaCl and KCl, but the same Na/K molar ratios, rats on the higher absolute NaCl intakes had the higher blood pressures.</jats:p> <jats:p>On diets with different absolute concentrations of NaCl and KCl, and different Na/K molar ratios, a group on a lower absolute NaCl intake but with a higher Na/K ratio could have more hypertension than a group on a higher absolute NaCl intake but with a lower Na/K ratio.</jats:p> <jats:p>At equivalent molar ratios, the respective effects of these two ions on blood pressure were dominated by that of sodium. It was concluded that the dietary Na/K molar ratio can be an important determinant for the severity, or even development, of salt-induced hypertension.</jats:p> <jats:p>The mechanism of the moderating effect of potassium on sodium-induced hypertension was unclear.</jats:p>

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