PGC-1<i>α</i>, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress: An Integrative View in Metabolism
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- Sergio Rius-Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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- Isabel Torres-Cuevas
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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- Iván Millán
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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- Ángel L. Ortega
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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- Salvador Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
Description
<jats:p>Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-<jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> coactivator (PGC)-1<jats:italic>α</jats:italic> is a transcriptional coactivator described as a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, including oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species detoxification. PGC-1<jats:italic>α</jats:italic> is highly expressed in tissues with high energy demands, and it is clearly associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and its principal complications including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and hepatic steatosis. We herein review the molecular pathways regulated by PGC-1<jats:italic>α</jats:italic>, which connect oxidative stress and mitochondrial metabolism with inflammatory response and metabolic syndrome. PGC-1<jats:italic>α</jats:italic> regulates the expression of mitochondrial antioxidant genes, including manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxiredoxin 3 and 5, uncoupling protein 2, thioredoxin 2, and thioredoxin reductase and thus prevents oxidative injury and mitochondrial dysfunction. Dysregulation of PGC-1<jats:italic>α</jats:italic> alters redox homeostasis in cells and exacerbates inflammatory response, which is commonly accompanied by metabolic disturbances. During inflammation, low levels of PGC-1<jats:italic>α</jats:italic> downregulate mitochondrial antioxidant gene expression, induce oxidative stress, and promote nuclear factor kappa B activation. In metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by a chronic low grade of inflammation, PGC-1<jats:italic>α</jats:italic> dysregulation modifies the metabolic properties of tissues by altering mitochondrial function and promoting reactive oxygen species accumulation. In conclusion, PGC-1<jats:italic>α</jats:italic> acts as an essential node connecting metabolic regulation, redox control, and inflammatory pathways, and it is an interesting therapeutic target that may have significant benefits for a number of metabolic diseases.</jats:p>
Journal
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- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
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Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020 1-20, 2020-03-09
Hindawi Limited
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Details 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1361137045054271744
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- ISSN
- 19420994
- 19420900
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- Data Source
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- Crossref