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- Dapeng Bi
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244
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- Silke Henkes
- ICSMB, Department of Physics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, United Kingdom
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- Karen E. Daniels
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
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- Bulbul Chakraborty
- Martin Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454;
書誌事項
- 公開日
- 2015-03-01
- DOI
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- 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031214-014336
- 公開者
- Annual Reviews
この論文をさがす
説明
<jats:p> At the core of equilibrium statistical mechanics lies the notion of statistical ensembles: a collection of microstates, each occurring with a given a priori probability that depends on only a few macroscopic parameters, such as temperature, pressure, volume, and energy. In this review, we discuss recent advances in establishing statistical ensembles for athermal materials. The broad class of granular and particulate materials is immune to the effects of thermal fluctuations because the constituents are macroscopic. In addition, interactions between grains are frictional and dissipative, which invalidates the fundamental postulates of equilibrium statistical mechanics. However, granular materials exhibit distributions of microscopic quantities that are reproducible and often depend on only a few macroscopic parameters. We explore the history of statistical ensemble ideas in the context of granular materials, clarify the nature of such ensembles and their foundational principles, highlight advances in testing key ideas, and discuss applications of ensembles to analyze the collective behavior of granular materials. </jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics
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Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 6 (1), 63-83, 2015-03-01
Annual Reviews