I stay at home with headache. A survey to investigate how the lockdown for COVID-19 impacted on headache in Italian children
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- Laura Papetti
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
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- Pierfrancesco Alaimo Di Loro
- Department of Statistical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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- Samuela Tarantino
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
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- Licia Grazzi
- Headache Center, Neuroalgology Department, IRCCS Foundation “Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
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- Vincenzo Guidetti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, “Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy
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- Pasquale Parisi
- Child Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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- Vincenzo Raieli
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit – Ismep – ARNAS Civico, Palermo, Italy
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- Vittorio Sciruicchio
- Children Epilepsy and EEG Center, PO, San Paolo ASL (Azienda Sanitaria Locale), Bari, Italy
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- Cristiano Termine
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria and ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
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- Irene Toldo
- Centro Cefalee per l'età Evolutiva, Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Università degli Studi, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padova, Italy
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- Elisabetta Tozzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sanità Pubblica, Scienze della Vita e dell’ambiente, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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- Paola Verdecchia
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, “Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy
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- Marco Carotenuto
- Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Fisica e Medicina Preventiva, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
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- Matteo Battisti
- Child Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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- Angela Celi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria and ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
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- Daniela D'Agnano
- Children Epilepsy and EEG Center, PO, San Paolo ASL (Azienda Sanitaria Locale), Bari, Italy
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- Noemi Faedda
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, “Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy
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- Michela AN Ferilli
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
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- Giovanni Grillo
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit – Ismep – ARNAS Civico, Palermo, Italy
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- Giulia Natalucci
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, “Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy
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- Agnese Onofri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sanità Pubblica, Scienze della Vita e dell’ambiente, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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- Maria Federica Pelizza
- Centro Cefalee per l'età Evolutiva, Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Università degli Studi, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padova, Italy
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- Fabiana Ursitti
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
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- Michelangelo Vasta
- Unità di Neuropsichiatroia Infantile, Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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- Margherita Velardi
- Child Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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- Martina Balestri
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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- Romina Moavero
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
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- Federico Vigevano
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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- Massimiliano Valeriani
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
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説明
<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p> The present Italian multicenter study aimed at investigating whether the course of primary headache disorders in children and adolescents was changed during the lockdown necessary to contain the COVID-19 emergency in Italy. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p> During the lockdown, we submitted an online questionnaire to patients already diagnosed with primary headache disorders. Questions explored the course of headache, daily habits, psychological factors related to COVID-19, general mood and school stress. Answers were transformed into data for statistical analysis. Through a bivariate analysis, the main variables affecting the subjective trend of headache, and intensity and frequency of the attacks were selected. The significant variables were then used for the multivariate analysis. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> We collected the answers of 707 patients. In the multivariate analysis, we found that reduction of school effort and anxiety was the main factor explaining the improvement in the subjective trend of headache and the intensity and frequency of the attacks ( p < 0.001). The greater the severity of headache, the larger was the clinical improvement ( p < 0.001). Disease duration was negatively associated with the improvement ( p < 0.001). It is noteworthy that clinical improvement was independent of prophylaxis ( p > 0.05), presence of chronic headache disorders ( p > 0.05) and geographical area ( p > 0.05). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p> Our study showed that lifestyle modification represents the main factor impacting the course of primary headache disorders in children and adolescents. In particular, reduction in school-related stress during the lockdown was the main factor explaining the general headache improvement in our population. </jats:p></jats:sec>
収録刊行物
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- Cephalalgia
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Cephalalgia 40 (13), 1459-1473, 2020-11
SAGE Publications