Population structure and biogeography of migratory freshwater fishes (<i>Prochilodus</i>: Characiformes) in major South American rivers

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公開日
2001-02
権利情報
  • http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
DOI
  • 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2001.01194.x
公開者
Wiley

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships of<jats:italic>Prochilodus</jats:italic>species in the Paraná, Amazonas, Orinoco, and Magdalena basins. Sequences of ATPase subunits 6 and 8 (total 840 bp) were obtained for 21<jats:italic>Prochilodus</jats:italic>specimens from the four river systems. Using<jats:italic>Semaprochilodus</jats:italic>as an outgroup, phylogenetic analyses showed that: (i) each river basin contains a monophyletic group of mtDNA lineages; and (ii) the branching order places Magdalena in a basal position with subsequent branching of Orinoco, Amazon and Paraná. The mitochondrial control region was sequenced for 26<jats:italic>P. lineatus</jats:italic>(from the Paraná basin) and six other<jats:italic>Prochilodus</jats:italic>specimens from the Magdalena, Orinoco and Amazon. All 26 control region haplotypes were unique with sequence divergence ranging from 0.3 to 3.6%. The control region phylogeny is well resolved but phylogenetic structure is not associated with geography. For example, mtDNA haplotypes from the upper Paraná (Mogui Guassú) and the upper Bermejo, separated by at least 2600 km, have close genealogical ties. Phylogeographic analyses, including nested clade analysis, suggest high levels of gene flow within this basin.</jats:p>

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