The Chicxulub Asteroid Impact and Mass Extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary
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- Peter Schulte
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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- Laia Alegret
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra e Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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- Ignacio Arenillas
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra e Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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- José A. Arz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra e Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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- Penny J. Barton
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK.
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- Paul R. Bown
- Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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- Timothy J. Bralower
- Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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- Gail L. Christeson
- Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, J.J. Pickle Research Campus, 10100 Burnet Road 196-ROC, Austin, TX 78759, USA.
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- Philippe Claeys
- Earth System Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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- Charles S. Cockell
- Centre for Earth, Planetary, Space and Astronomical Research, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK.
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- Gareth S. Collins
- Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BP, UK.
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- Alexander Deutsch
- Institut für Planetologie, Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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- Tamara J. Goldin
- Department of Lithospheric Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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- Kazuhisa Goto
- Tsunami Engineering Laboratory, Disaster Control Research Center, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-1106 Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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- José M. Grajales-Nishimura
- Programa de Geología de Exploracíon y Explotacíon, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Lázaro Cárdenas No. 152, C.P. 07730, México City, México.
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- Richard A. F. Grieve
- Earth Sciences Sector, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E4, Canada.
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- Sean P. S. Gulick
- Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, J.J. Pickle Research Campus, 10100 Burnet Road 196-ROC, Austin, TX 78759, USA.
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- Kirk R. Johnson
- Research and Collections Division, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, 2001 Colorado Boulevard, Denver, CO 80205, USA.
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- Wolfgang Kiessling
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute at the Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
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- Christian Koeberl
- Department of Lithospheric Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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- David A. Kring
- Center for Lunar Science and Exploration, Universities Space Research Association–Lunar and Planetary Institute, 3600 Bay Area Boulevard, Houston, TX 77058–1113, USA.
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- Kenneth G. MacLeod
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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- Takafumi Matsui
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, Chiba 275-0016, Japan.
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- Jay Melosh
- Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907–2051, USA.
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- Alessandro Montanari
- Osservatorio Geologico di Coldigioco, 62021 Apiro (MC), Italy.
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- Joanna V. Morgan
- Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BP, UK.
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- Clive R. Neal
- Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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- Douglas J. Nichols
- Research and Collections Division, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, 2001 Colorado Boulevard, Denver, CO 80205, USA.
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- Richard D. Norris
- SIO Geological Collections, 301 Vaughan Hall, MS-0244, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093–0244, USA.
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- Elisabetta Pierazzo
- Planetary Science Institute, 1700 East Fort Lowell Road, Suite 106, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
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- Greg Ravizza
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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- Mario Rebolledo-Vieyra
- Unidad de Ciencias del Agua, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 8, No. 39, Mz. 29, S.M. 64, Cancún, Quintana Roo, 77500, México.
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- Wolf Uwe Reimold
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute at the Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
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- Eric Robin
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, Institut Pierre et Simon Laplace, Commission à l’Énergie Atomique/CNRS/Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yveunes–UMR 1572, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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- Tobias Salge
- Bruker Nano GmbH, Schwarzschildstraße 12, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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- Robert P. Speijer
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, K.U.Leuven, Box 2408, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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- Arthur R. Sweet
- Natural Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada Calgary, 3303 33rd Street NW, Calgary, AB T2L 2A7, Canada.
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- Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi
- Laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo y Paleoambientes, Programa Universitario de Perforaciones en Oceanos y Continentes, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), DF 04510 Mexico, Mexico.
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- Vivi Vajda
- Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.
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- Michael T. Whalen
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
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- Pi S. Willumsen
- Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.
抄録
<jats:title>The Fall of the Dinosaurs</jats:title> <jats:p> According to the fossil record, the rule of dinosaurs came to an abrupt end ∼65 million years ago, when all nonavian dinosaurs and flying reptiles disappeared. Several possible mechanisms have been suggested for this mass extinction, including a large asteroid impact and major flood volcanism. <jats:bold> Schulte <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> </jats:bold> (p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" page="1214" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="327" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1177265">1214</jats:related-article> ) review how the occurrence and global distribution of a global iridium-rich deposit and impact ejecta support the hypothesis that a single asteroid impact at Chicxulub, Mexico, triggered the extinction event. Such an impact would have instantly caused devastating shock waves, a large heat pulse, and tsunamis around the globe. Moreover, the release of high quantities of dust, debris, and gases would have resulted in a prolonged cooling of Earth's surface, low light levels, and ocean acidification that would have decimated primary producers including phytoplankton and algae, as well as those species reliant upon them. </jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Science
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Science 327 (5970), 1214-1218, 2010-03-05
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)