Management of Viral Central Nervous System Infections: A Primer for Clinicians
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- P Brandon Bookstaver
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, USA
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- Phillip L Mohorn
- Department of Pharmacy, Spartanburg Medical Center, Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC, USA
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- Ansal Shah
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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- Lauren D Tesh
- Division of Advisory Committee and Consultant Management, Office of Executive Programs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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- April M Quidley
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vidant Medical Center, Greenville, NC, USA
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- Ravish Kothari
- Department of Neurology, University of South Carolina/Palmetto Medical Group, Columbia, SC, USA
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- Christopher M Bland
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Savannah, GA, USA
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- Sharon Weissman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
説明
<jats:p> Viruses are a common cause of central nervous system (CNS) infections with many host, agent, and environmental factors influencing the expression of viral diseases. Viruses can be responsible for CNS disease through a variety of mechanisms including direct infection and replication within the CNS resulting in encephalitis, infection limited to the meninges, or immune-related processes such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Common pathogens including herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster, and enterovirus are responsible for the greatest number of cases in immunocompetent hosts. Other herpes viruses (eg, cytomegalovirus, John Cunningham virus) are more common in immunocompromised hosts. Arboviruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus and Zika virus are important pathogens globally, but the prevalence varies significantly by geographic region and often season. Early diagnosis from radiographic evidence and molecular (eg, rapid) diagnostics is important for targeted therapy. Antivirals may be used effectively against some pathogens, although several viruses have no effective treatment. This article provides a review of epidemiology, diagnostics, and management of common viral pathogens in CNS disease. </jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Journal of Central Nervous System Disease
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Journal of Central Nervous System Disease 9 117957351770334-, 2017-01-01
SAGE Publications