Surface Modification of Water Purification Membranes

  • Daniel J. Miller
    McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas at Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
  • Daniel R. Dreyer
    Nalco Champion 3200 Southwest Freeway, Ste. 2700 Houston TX 77027 USA
  • Christopher W. Bielawski
    Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM) Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
  • Donald R. Paul
    McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas at Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
  • Benny D. Freeman
    McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas at Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Polymeric membranes are an energy‐efficient means of purifying water, but they suffer from fouling during filtration. Modification of the membrane surface is one route to mitigating membrane fouling, as it helps to maintain high levels of water productivity. Here, a series of common techniques for modification of the membrane surface are reviewed, including surface coating, grafting, and various treatment techniques such as chemical treatment, UV irradiation, and plasma treatment. Historical background on membrane development and surface modification is also provided. Finally, polydopamine, an emerging material that can be easily deposited onto a wide variety of substrates, is discussed within the context of membrane modification. A brief summary of the chemistry of polydopamine, particularly as it may pertain to membrane development, is also described.</jats:p>

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