Increase in signal-to-noise ratio of > 10,000 times in liquid-state NMR

DOI Web Site 58 Citations
  • Jan H. Ardenkjær-Larsen
    Amersham Health Research and Development AB, Medeon, SE-205 12 Malmö, Sweden
  • Björn Fridlund
    Amersham Health Research and Development AB, Medeon, SE-205 12 Malmö, Sweden
  • Andreas Gram
    Amersham Health Research and Development AB, Medeon, SE-205 12 Malmö, Sweden
  • Georg Hansson
    Amersham Health Research and Development AB, Medeon, SE-205 12 Malmö, Sweden
  • Lennart Hansson
    Amersham Health Research and Development AB, Medeon, SE-205 12 Malmö, Sweden
  • Mathilde H. Lerche
    Amersham Health Research and Development AB, Medeon, SE-205 12 Malmö, Sweden
  • Rolf Servin
    Amersham Health Research and Development AB, Medeon, SE-205 12 Malmö, Sweden
  • Mikkel Thaning
    Amersham Health Research and Development AB, Medeon, SE-205 12 Malmö, Sweden
  • Klaes Golman
    Amersham Health Research and Development AB, Medeon, SE-205 12 Malmö, Sweden

Description

<jats:p> A method for obtaining strongly polarized nuclear spins in solution has been developed. The method uses low temperature, high magnetic field, and dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) to strongly polarize nuclear spins in the solid state. The solid sample is subsequently dissolved rapidly in a suitable solvent to create a solution of molecules with hyperpolarized nuclear spins. The polarization is performed in a DNP polarizer, consisting of a super-conducting magnet (3.35 T) and a liquid-helium cooled sample space. The sample is irradiated with microwaves at ≈94 GHz. Subsequent to polarization, the sample is dissolved by an injection system inside the DNP magnet. The dissolution process effectively preserves the nuclear polarization. The resulting hyperpolarized liquid sample can be transferred to a high-resolution NMR spectrometer, where an enhanced NMR signal can be acquired, or it may be used as an agent for <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> imaging or spectroscopy. In this article we describe the use of the method on aqueous solutions of [ <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C]urea. Polarizations of 37% for <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C and 7.8% for <jats:sup>15</jats:sup> N, respectively, were obtained after the dissolution. These polarizations correspond to an enhancement of 44,400 for <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C and 23,500 for <jats:sup>15</jats:sup> N, respectively, compared with thermal equilibrium at 9.4 T and room temperature. The method can be used generally for signal enhancement and reduction of measurement time in liquid-state NMR and opens up for a variety of <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> applications of DNP-enhanced NMR. </jats:p>

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